AMPHIPOLS: Library of labeled derivatives amphipols
A brief description of several modified amphipols (Zoonens et Popot ( 2014), Le Bon et al. (2014)).
| Type of modification | Applications | Name of labeled derivatives amphipols | Refererences |
| Isotopic labeling | |||
|
Radioactive isotopes: 14C, 3H. Heavy isotopes. |
- Following APol distribution and exchange for other surfactants. - Eliminating protons for NMR measurements, contrast-matching in SANS, AUC. |
- Perdeuterated AmphiPol (PerDAPol) - Deuterated AmphiPol (DAPol) |
Radioactive isotopes Tribet et al. (1997), Gohon et al. (2008), Heavy isotopes Catoire et al. (2010a), Giusti et al (2014b). |
| Fluorescent labeling | |||
| Fluorescent dyes (λex/λem): -Naphtalene (290 nm/310-370 nm) -NBD (470 nm/530 nm) -Fluorescein (495 nm/540 nm) -Rhodamine (555 nm/575 nm) -AlexaFluor647 (651 nm/668 nm) |
-Studying APol distribution, binding and exchange for other surfactants and upon delivery of a membrane protein to lipid vesicles or cells in culture. -Mapping the transmembrane domain of a protein by FRET with single tryptophane. -Following in vivo distribution and elimination of APol. |
- Fluorescent AmphiPol (FAPol)
Figure .Normalized excitation spectra of the various fluorescent dyes (Della Pia et al. (2014 b) |
Naphtalene Vial et al. (2005), NBD Giusti et al. (2012), Zoonens et al. (2007), Fluorescein Opačić et al. (2014a), Rhodamine Giusti et al. (2012), Fernandez et al. (2014), Della Pia et al. (2014a), Alexa Fluor 647 Fernandez et al. (2014), Della Pia et al. (2014a), Le Bon et al. (2014a). |
| Immobilization labeling | |||
| Tags, adjuvants: -Biotin -Hexahistidine peptide, -Imidazole ring, -Oligodeoxynucleotide |
-Immobilizing membrane proteins onto chips or beads in a more or less reversible mode for SPR or fluorescence measurements. - Vaccination, using the oligodeoxynucleotide as an adjuvant. |
-Biotinylated amphipol (BAPol) -Hexahistidine peptide labeled amphipol (HistAPol), -Imidazole labeled amphipol (ImidAPol), -ODN labeled amphipol(OligAPol).  Figure .Illustration presenting the physical properties of the immobilization tags of APols |
BAPol Charvolin et al. (2009), Della Pia et al. (2014 a,b), Fernandez et al. (2014), HistAPol Giusti et al. (in preparation), OligAPol Le Bon et al. (2014a). |